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Hindutva's Siege on Academic Freedom

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India has plunged in its academic freedom index ranks over the last ten years, finds an academic freedom monitoring project.

Over the past 10 years, India has plummeted on the academic freedom index ranks, according to the “Free to Think 2024” annual report published by the Scholars at Risk (SAR) Academic Freedom Monitoring Project. 

SAR is a network of 665 universities worldwide, including Columbia University, Duke University, and New York University. The report extensively examines India, Afghanistan, China, Colombia, Germany, Hong Kong, Iran, Israel, Nicaragua, Nigeria, the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Russia, Turkiye, Sudan, Ukraine, the U.K., and the U.S. The report documented 391 attacks on higher education communities across 51 countries between July 1, 2023, and June 30, 2024.

According to the report, India’s academic freedom score fell from 0.6 points to 0.2 points between 2013 and 2023. It highlights the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)'s efforts to impose political control and a Hindu nationalist agenda on universities, as well as policies restricting student protests, as the most significant threats to academic freedom. The Academic Freedom Index now ranks India as "completely restricted," its lowest score since the mid-1940s. The report also details instances where the Indian government enforced stringent measures on campuses.

Even in universities like Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), a powerhouse of academic freedom and critical thought, new policies have been introduced to restrict student expression. JNU barred students from protesting near academic buildings, while South Asian University (SAU) went further by prohibiting protests on campus altogether.

The report highlights conflicts between the BJP-led Union government and State governments over control of higher education. In Kerala, Governor Arif Mohammed Khan, appointed by the Union government, clashed with the State government over a legislative amendment aimed at replacing him as Chancellor of the State’s universities. In April 2024, the Kerala government appealed to the Supreme Court after President Droupadi Murmu did not approve the proposed amendment. The report also highlights similar struggles for control of higher education in other States, including Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Punjab.

The report indicates that pressure from the Central government may have contributed to the resignation of Sabyasachi Das, an assistant professor at Ashoka University, after he presented a paper alleging political manipulation in the 2019 Lok Sabha election. Following the paper's public attention, BJP leaders criticized his work.

Other restrictions noted in the report include the denial of entry to U.K.-based Professor Natasha Kaul for her remarks against the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, the detention of over 200 students from JNU, Jamia Millia University, and Delhi University during a protest outside the Israeli Embassy, and the heckling of JNU professor Nivedita Menon by students affiliated with the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. The report also mentions the cancellation of a talk by Achin Vanaik at IIT Bombay, where he is a well-known writer and former political science department head.

Left Parties Allege Government's Role In GN Saibaba's Death

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Left Parties blame Modi Government for the death of Prof. GN Saibaba, demanding accountability. 

Mourning the death of former Delhi University Professor and Activist GN Saibaba, left parties have condemned his death attributing it to the alleged repressive policies of the Narendra Modi Government, demanding accountability from the government. 

Saibaba had been lodged in the Nagpur Central Jail since 2017 in the alleged Maoist links case. In March this year, the Bombay high court had set aside the life term of Saibaba, noting that the prosecution had failed to prove the charges beyond a reasonable doubt and he was subsequently released from the Jail.

He died on Saturday night at a government hospital in Hyderabad due to postoperative complications, seven months after his acquittal. 

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) condemned the Modi government, accusing it of being responsible for Saibaba's death. The party in a statement argued that he had been unjustly targeted due to the government's oppressive policies. It highlighted his prolonged denial of bail and necessary medical treatment, despite his severe health issues. The statement emphasized his lifelong dedication to seeking justice and resilience in the face of torture, holding the government accountable for his demise.

CPI General Secretary D. Raja criticized the government for its role in the professor's death, describing it as an "institutional murder" due to the denial of basic human rights. He noted that despite years of wrongful imprisonment, Saibaba remained resilient, particularly when he was acquitted earlier this year. Raja called for a determined fight against oppressive laws like the UAPA as a fitting tribute to Saibaba. Similarly, CPI (Marxist-Leninist) General Secretary Dipankar Bhattacharjee argued that India needs a fair justice system, contrasting the leniency shown to figures like Ram Rahim with the prolonged suffering of activists like Saibaba.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister MK Stalin, one of the few opposition leaders to offer condolences, expressed his deep sorrow over Saibaba's death, calling it a significant loss for human rights advocates. In an emotional message, Stalin described Saibaba as a relentless champion for the oppressed, who sacrificed his own freedom and health in the fight against injustice. He praised Saibaba's unwavering courage in defending civil liberties despite numerous challenges, seeing it as a lasting symbol of integrity. Stalin extended his heartfelt condolences to Saibaba's family and loved ones.

While Congress leadership largely refrained from commenting on the incident, a few members voiced concerns, including the MP Karthi Chidambaram who criticized the system for the tragedy. The Kerala Congress unit through their X handle condemned the injustice, comparing victim’s treatment to the leniency shown to convicted criminals, including a reference to Father Stan Swamy, who was denied basic rights.

Konkana Exposes Caste, Class And Gender Discrimination In Bollywood

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Konkana Sen Sharma made shocking revelations about the instances of discrimination based on caste, class and gender in the film industry. 

Actress and filmmaker Konkona Sen Sharma in her latest interview with Sucharita Tyagi on her YouTube channel has exposed troubling details about the dynamics on Bollywood film sets, highlighting the prevalence of sexual harassment. She pointed out that the film industry is not only deeply patriarchal but also perpetuates discrimination along caste and class lines.

Konkona pointed out that the film industry is deeply hierarchical, with discrimination rooted not only in gender but also in caste and class. She described the industry as patriarchal, regressive, and problematic. She highlighted how even basic aspects, like food and bathroom access, are governed by one's social standing. 

She emphasized that on film sets, only senior women receive respect, while others are treated like "furniture." She described how female actors and assistant directors are often physically pushed around, highlighting the pervasive mistreatment. She expressed how challenging it is to work in such an environment, noting the difficulty of both witnessing and experiencing this behavior.

Konkona also mentioned that many instances of sexual harassment on film sets go unreported because the perpetrators are highly respected figures within the industry.

When asked about the need for more female critics and journalists, Konkona strongly supported the idea, highlighting the value of diverse perspectives in film criticism.

She explained that different backgrounds, such as feminist or Marxist viewpoints, shape how people interpret films, which enriches the analysis. However, she cautioned that being a woman does not guarantee a progressive or feminist outlook, as patriarchy is a mindset that even women can internalize. She also noted that while some female filmmakers exhibit patriarchal tendencies, there are a few male filmmakers who write progressive and sensitive female characters, though such cases are uncommon.

Konkona's revelations align with the findings of the Justice Hema Committee Report, which examined the conditions on Malayalam film sets, particularly regarding sexual violence and gender inequality. The committee was tasked with investigating these issues and proposing solutions. In the wake of these investigations, numerous actresses from the Indian film industry have also come forward to share their experiences of harassment on film sets.

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